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Hoʻokomo ka pūnaewele IEEE i nā kuki ma kāu kelepona i mea e hāʻawi ai iā ʻoe i ka ʻike mea hoʻohana maikaʻi loa. Ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i kā mākou pūnaewele, ʻae ʻoe i ke kau ʻana o kēia mau kuki.

Hoʻokaʻawale nā ​​​​poʻe loea i ka dosimetry RF i ka ʻeha o 5G-a me ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka ʻike a me ka nui

He mau makahiki ʻo Kenneth R. Foster i ke aʻo ʻana i ka radiation radio frequency (RF) a me kona hopena i nā ʻōnaehana olaola. I kēia manawa, ua kākau pū ʻo ia i kahi noiʻi hou ma ke kumuhana me ʻelua mau mea noiʻi ʻē aʻe, ʻo Marvin Ziskin lāua ʻo Quirino Balzano.
ʻO ka noiʻi, i paʻi ʻia ma ka International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health i Pepeluali, nānā i nā makahiki he 75 i hala o ka noiʻi ʻana i ka loiloi RF exposure a me dosimetry.
Ua kamaʻilio ʻo IEEE Spectrum ma o ka leka uila me ke Kulanui o Pennsylvania professor emeritus Foster. Ua makemake mākou e aʻo hou e pili ana i ke kumu e kūleʻa nui ai nā haʻawina loiloi hōʻike RF, he aha ka paʻakikī o ka RF dosimetry, a no ke aha i ʻike ʻole ʻia ai nā hopohopo lehulehu e pili ana i ke olakino a me ka uila uila.
No ka poʻe ʻike ʻole i ka ʻokoʻa, he aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka hoʻolaha ʻana a me ka nui?

Kenneth Foster: Ma ka pōʻaiapili o ka palekana RF, pili ka ʻike i ke kahua ma waho o ke kino, a ʻo ka dosis e pili ana i ka ikehu i komo i loko o ke kino o ke kino.
"No ka loiloi maikaʻi o ka noiʻi e pili ana i nā hopena olaola o 5G, e ʻike i ka ʻatikala [Ken] Karipidis, i loaʻa 'ʻaʻohe hōʻike paʻa i ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa RF ma luna o 6 GHz, e like me nā mea i hoʻohana ʻia e nā pūnaewele 5G, he mea pōʻino i ke olakino kanaka.' "" -- Kenneth R. Foster, Kulanui o Pennsylvania
Foster: ʻAʻole pilikia ke ana ʻana i nā kahua RF ma kahi ākea. ʻO ka pilikia maoli e kū mai ana i kekahi mau hihia, ʻo ia ka loli kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻolaha RF. pilikia, no nā kānaka ʻepekema liʻiliʻi e hoʻāʻo nei e hana pēlā.

I ka wā i kākau ai ʻoe a me kou mau hoa kākau i kāu ʻatikala IJERPH, ʻo kāu pahuhopu anei e kuhikuhi i nā kūleʻa a me nā pilikia dosimetric o nā haʻawina loiloi hoʻolaha?
ʻEhia ka nui o ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana o ka mea kani i kēia mau wahi? Hiki iā ʻoe ke haʻi mai iaʻu i nā mea hana i loaʻa iā ʻoe i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kāu ʻoihana, no ka laʻana, ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā mea i loaʻa i kēia lā?
Foster: ʻO nā mea hana i hoʻohana ʻia e ana i nā kahua RF i ka noiʻi olakino a me ka palekana e liʻiliʻi a ikaika loa.
He aha ka hopena ke neʻe ʻia ka ʻenehana uila i nā pūna ala alapine hou—no ka laʻana, millimeter a me nā hawewe terahertz no ke kelepona, a i ʻole 6 GHz no Wi-Fi?
Foster: Eia hou, pili ka pilikia me ka paʻakikī o ka hoʻolaha ʻana, ʻaʻole ka mea kani. No ka laʻana, hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā kikowaena 5G cellular base kiʻekiʻe i nā kukui he nui e neʻe ana ma waena.
"ʻOi aku koʻu hopohopo e pili ana i ka hopena o ka nui o ka manawa pale i ka ulu ʻana o nā keiki a me nā pilikia pilikino." – Kenneth R. Foster, Ke Kulanui o Pennsylvania

Inā he pilikia i hoʻoholo ʻia ka ʻike ʻike, he aha ka mea e paʻakikī ai ka lele ʻana i ka dosimetry pololei?
Foster: ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o ka Dosimetry ma mua o ka loiloi hoʻolaha. ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokomo i kahi ʻimi RF i loko o ke kino o kekahi. Nui nā kumu e pono ai ʻoe i kēia ʻike, e like me ka maʻi hyperthermia no ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi kanesa, kahi e wela ai ka ʻiʻo i nā pae kikoʻī.
Hiki iā ʻoe ke haʻi hou aʻe iaʻu e pili ana i ka hana ʻana i ka dosimetry i kēia lā? Inā ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokomo i kahi noiʻi i loko o ke kino o kekahi, he aha ka mea maikaʻi loa?
Foster: ʻAʻole maikaʻi ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mika RF kahiko no ke ana ʻana i nā māla i ka lewa no nā kumu like ʻole. ʻO kēia ka hihia me ka hana palekana ʻoihana, kahi e pono ai ʻoe e ana i nā kīʻaha lekiō e kū ana ma nā kino o nā limahana. o RF biological effects (no ka laʻana, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā antenna i kau ʻia ma luna o nā holoholona), he mea nui e ʻike i ka nui o ka ikehu RF i komo i loko o ke kino a me kahi e hele ai.
No ke aha ʻoe i manaʻo ai he nui nā hopohopo e pili ana i ka radiation uila e ana nā kānaka i nā pae ma ka home?

Foster: ʻO ka ʻike pilikia he ʻoihana paʻakikī. ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike iā ia, ʻaʻohe loulou pololei ma waena o ka hoʻolaha ʻana a me nā hopena like ʻole a kekahi poʻe e hopohopo nei, hiki i nā kānaka ke huikau i ka ikehu lekiō (non-ionizing, ʻo ia hoʻi, nāwaliwali loa kona mau kiʻi e uhaʻi i nā paʻa kemika) me ka ionizing X-ray, a pēlā aku. ʻAʻole hiki ke hōʻike i kēia naʻau i nā noiʻi makapō a hoʻopaʻa ʻia. Manaʻo kekahi poʻe e hoʻoweliweli ʻia e ka nui o nā antenna i hoʻohana ʻia no nā kamaʻilio uila.

Hiki i nā mea kūʻai ke kūʻai aku i nā mea ʻike RF maʻalahi akā paʻakikī loa a e noiʻi i nā hōʻailona RF i ko lākou kaiapuni, a he nui. palapala noi.
I ka makahiki i hala, ua paʻi ka British Medical Journal i kahi kāhea e hoʻopau i ka 5G deployments a hiki i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka palekana o ka ʻenehana. noiʻi, akā ma ka liʻiliʻi hoʻokahi - ka papa olakino Dutch - ua kāhea i kahi moratorium ma ka rollout o ka hui kiʻekiʻe 5G a hiki i ka hana ʻana o ka noiʻi palekana. ʻO kēia mau ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo e hoʻohuli i ka manaʻo o ka lehulehu (ʻoiai ke manaʻo nei ʻo HCN ʻaʻole paha he pilikia olakino).
Ma kāna ʻatikala, kākau ʻo Frank, "ʻO nā ikaika e puka mai ana o nā haʻawina hoʻokolohua e hōʻike ana i ka [radio-frequency electromagnetic fields] nā hopena ola kino o RF-EMF."

ʻO ia ka pilikia: aia nā kaukani o nā haʻawina hopena biological RF i ka palapala. ʻO ka hopena, ka pili i ke olakino, ka maikaʻi o ke aʻo ʻana a me nā pae hoʻolaha ʻokoʻa. ʻAʻole i loaʻa mau nā hōʻike maopopo o nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole o nā kahua RF ambient.
Ua hoʻopiʻi ʻo Frank no ka like ʻole o ke kūkākūkā ʻana i ka lehulehu "5G" - akā ua hana hewa ʻo ia ma ka haʻi ʻole ʻana i nā kaha alapine i ka wā e pili ana i ka 5G. ʻo kēia alapinepine, akā ʻaʻole komo ka ikehu i ka ʻili, a ʻaʻole i hāpai nā keʻena olakino i nā hopohopo e pili ana i kona palekana ma nā pae hoʻolaha maʻamau.
ʻAʻole ʻo Frank i wehewehe i kāna noiʻi e hana ai ma mua o ka ʻōwili ʻana i ka "5G," ʻo kēlā me kēia mea āna i manaʻo ai. Pono ka [FCC] i nā mea laikini e pili i kona mau palena hōʻike, e like me nā mea ma ka hapa nui o nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe.

No ka hōʻike kikoʻī o ka noiʻi ʻana i nā hopena biological 5G, e ʻike i ka ʻatikala [Ken] Karipidis, i ʻike ʻia "ʻaʻohe hōʻike paʻa i ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa RF ma luna o 6 GHz, e like me nā mea i hoʻohana ʻia e nā pūnaewele 5G, he mea pōʻino i ke olakino kanaka. Ua kāhea ʻia ka loiloi no ka noiʻi hou aku.
Ua hui pū ʻia nā palapala ʻepekema, akā i kēia manawa, ʻaʻole i ʻike nā keʻena olakino i kahi hōʻike maopopo o nā pōʻino olakino mai nā kahua RF ambient.
He nui ke kālā e kūʻai aku ai ke aupuni no nā kamaʻilio 5G, a pono e hoʻolilo i kekahi o ia mea i ka noiʻi olakino kiʻekiʻe, ʻoi aku ka hui kiʻekiʻe 5G. ʻO ke kanaka, ke hopohopo nui nei au i ka hopena o ka nui o ka manawa pale i ka ulu ʻana o nā keiki a me nā pilikia pilikino.
Aia nā ʻano hana i hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia no ka hana dosimetry? Inā pēlā, he aha nā laʻana hoihoi a maikaʻi paha?

Foster: Loaʻa paha ka holomua nui i ka dosimetry computational me ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā ʻano finite difference time domain (FDTD) a me nā hiʻohiʻona helu o ke kino e pili ana i nā kiʻi lapaʻau kiʻekiʻe. ʻōnaehana kiʻi kiʻi a me nā ʻenehana olakino ʻē aʻe.
ʻO Michael Koziol he hoa hoʻoponopono ma IEEE Spectrum, e uhi ana i nā wahi āpau o ke kelepona.
I ka makahiki 1992, ua lawe ʻo Asad M. Madni i ka hoʻokele o BEI Sensors and Controls, e mālama ana i kahi laina huahana i loaʻa i nā ʻano mea ʻike like ʻole a me nā mea hoʻokele inertial, akā ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā mea kūʻai aku - ʻo ka nui o ka ʻoihana aerospace a me ka pale uila.

Ua pau ka Cold War a ua hāʻule ka ʻoihana pale ʻAmelika. A ʻaʻole e ola koke ka ʻoihana. Pono ka BEI e ʻike koke a huki i nā mea kūʻai aku.
ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia mau mea kūʻai e koi aku i ka haʻalele ʻana i nā ʻōnaehana ʻenehana inertial sensor o ka hui no ka ʻenehana quartz hou i hōʻoia ʻole ʻia, miniaturizing quartz sensors, a me ka hoʻohuli ʻana i kahi mea hana e hana ana i nā ʻumi kaukani mau mea ʻike makamae i kēlā me kēia makahiki e hana i nā miliona ma ke kumukūʻai. mea hana o ka mea ike.
Hoʻoikaika ikaika ʻo Madni e hoʻokō a loaʻa i ka kūleʻa ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ka mea i manaʻo ʻia no ka GyroChip. ʻO kēia mea ʻike inertial inexpensive ana ka mea mua o kona ʻano i hoʻohui ʻia i loko o kahi kaʻa, e hiki ai i nā ʻōnaehana uila uila (ESC) ke ʻike i ka paheʻe a me ka hana ʻana i nā kaʻa e pale ai i ka rollovers. 7,000 noho ma ʻAmelika wale nō, e like me ka National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.
Ke hoʻomau nei nā mea hana i ka puʻuwai o nā mokulele kalepa a me nā mokulele pilikino, a me nā ʻōnaehana hoʻomalu no ka US missile alakaʻi ʻōnaehana.
ʻO ke kuleana o kēia manawa: ʻO ke Kumu Kūkākūkā Koʻikoʻi ma UCLA; Peresidena, Luna Nui a me CTO o BEI Technologies

Hoʻonaʻauao: 1968, RCA College; BS, 1969 a me 1972, MS, UCLA, ʻelua ma Electrical Engineering; Ph.D., Ke Kulanui o Kaleponi, 1987
Heroes: Ma keʻano laulā, ua aʻo mai koʻu makuakāne iaʻu pehea e aʻo ai, pehea e lilo ai i kanaka, a me ke ʻano o ke aloha, ke aloha, a me ke aloha; ma ke kii, Michelangelo; ma ka ʻepekema, Albert Einstein; ma ka 'enekinia In, Claude Shannon
Nā mele punahele: Ma nā mele Komohana, nā Beatles, Rolling Stones, Elvis; Mele Hikina, Ghazals
Nā lālā o ka hui: IEEE Life Fellow; US National Academy of Engineering; UK Royal Academy of Engineering; Ke Kulanui o ʻEnekinia Kanaka
ʻO ka makana nui loa: IEEE Medal of Honor: "Nā kōkua Paionia i ka hoʻomohala ʻana a me ka hoʻolaha ʻana i nā ʻenehana ʻike hou a me nā ʻōnaehana, a me ke alakaʻi noiʻi koʻikoʻi"; UCLA Alumni o ka Makahiki 2004
Ua loaʻa iā Madni ka 2022 IEEE Medal of Honor no ka paionia GyroChip, ma waena o nā haʻawina ʻē aʻe i ka hoʻomohala ʻenehana a me ke alakaʻi noiʻi.
ʻAʻole ʻo ka ʻenekinia ka hana koho mua a Madni. Ua makemake ʻo ia e lilo i mea pena kiʻi maikaʻi. ʻO ke kūlanakauhale, i hana ʻia i ka makahiki 1900 e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i nā mea hoʻohana uila a me nā ʻenehana.
"Makemake au e lilo i ʻenekinia hiki ke hana i nā mea," i ʻōlelo ai ʻo Madeney, "a hana i nā mea e hopena hope loa i ke kanaka.

Ua komo ʻo Madni i ka UCLA i ka makahiki 1969 me ke kēkelē laepua ma ka ʻenekinia uila ma hope o ʻelua mau makahiki ma ka papahana ʻenehana Electronics ma RCA College. ʻenekinia e hoʻolālā ana i nā kikowaena kamepiula ma Pertec.
A laila, i ka makahiki 1975, i hoʻopaʻa hou ʻia a ma ke koi ʻana o kahi hoa papa mua, ua noi ʻo ia i kahi hana ma ke keʻena microwave o Systron Donner.
Ua hoʻomaka ʻo Madni i ka hoʻolālā ʻana i ka mea kānana spectrum mua o ka honua me kahi waihona kikohoʻe ma Systron Donner. ʻAʻole ʻo ia i hoʻohana maoli i ka spectrum analyzer ma mua-he pipiʻi loa lākou i kēlā manawa-akā ua ʻike pono ʻo ia i ke kumumanaʻo e hōʻoiaʻiʻo iā ia iho e lawe i ka hana.
Ua lawe ka papahana i ʻelua mau makahiki a, e like me ka Madni, ua loaʻa i ʻekolu mau patent koʻikoʻi, e hoʻomaka ana i kāna "piʻi i nā mea nui a maikaʻi aʻe." Ua aʻo pū ʻo ia iā ia i ka mahalo no ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o "ke ʻano o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ʻike theoretical a me ka ʻenehana kalepa e hiki ke kōkua i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe," wahi āna.

Hiki iā mākou ke hana i nā ʻāpana passive rf e like me kāu mau koi. Hiki iā ʻoe ke komo i ka ʻaoʻao hoʻoponopono e hāʻawi i nā kikoʻī āu e pono ai.
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